Chemistry is a science that surrounds us everywhere, even in our own bodies. One of the fundamental concepts in chemistry that directly impacts our health is pH. But what is pH, and why is it so important to know about it to maintain healthy skin and a strong immune system?
pH is a measure that indicates how acidic or alkaline a substance is, based on the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). This scale ranges from 0 to 14: a pH of 0 to 6 indicates that a substance is acidic, a pH of 7 indicates that it is neutral, and a pH of 8 to 14 indicates that it is alkaline.
The skin, being our most exposed organ to the environment, acts as a constant protective barrier. Therefore, its pH is acidic, usually between 4 and 6. This acidic pH helps keep pathogenic microorganisms at bay since they cannot survive in this environment.
However, if the skin is exposed to an alkaline environment (pH 8-14), enzymes that can damage it are activated, antimicrobial peptides are inactivated, and the production of ceramides, which are important for strengthening the skin barrier, is affected. This can result in dehydration, premature aging of the skin, dermatitis, or acne. Therefore, it is crucial to select products with an acidic pH to properly care for the skin and avoid damage to its microbiome, which in turn helps maintain a strong immune system.
In the body, pH regulation is strictly controlled, as small changes can endanger the patient's life. For example, in the stomach, an acidic pH is necessary for proper digestion.
Any alteration in this pH, such as from consuming irritating foods or excessive antacids, can cause inflammation and hinder nutrient absorption.
Maintaining an alkaline blood pH (around 7.4) is vital to not disrupt the immune system. This is achieved through a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables and avoiding processed foods and alcohol, which can acidify the blood and increase the risk of serious diseases such as cancer. Additionally, it is important to highlight that this chemical balance is regulated by buffers, like citric acids, that help mitigate negative changes in pH.
In summary, we can contribute to maintaining an appropriate pH in our bodies through a balanced diet, healthy lifestyle habits, and proper use of skincare products. Understanding pH and its impact on our health is key to preventing diseases and promoting optimal well-being.
Dr. Adriana Gudiño Reyes
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